How to create bean without XML configuration in Spring / How to create bean in Spring using Annotations

Create a class which you want to get as a bean, say a user and annotate it with @Configuration as:

@Configuration
public class User {
	@Value("codippa")//initialize the value of this field
	private String name;
	@Value("India")
	private String country;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getCountry() {
		return country;
	}

	public void setCountry(String country) {
		this.country = country;
	}
	
}

Create a main class to get this bean. This class uses AnnotationConfigApplicationContext as ApplicationContext implementation:

public class Main {

	@SuppressWarnings("resource")
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(User.class);
		User user = (User)context.getBean("user");
		System.out.println(user.getName());
		System.out.println(user.getCountry());
	}
}

This will print codippa and India.

There is another way of creating bean without XML configuration which is using @Component annotation. Refer Other ways of creating bean in Spring.

Let’s tweak in :

1. 1. You can also define packages where your beans reside instead of class names in AnnotationConfigApplicationContext as AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(“com.codippa”).
   2. @Configuration annotated class may also contain other bean definitions whose getter methods should be annotated with @Bean such as :

      @Configuration
      public class User {
      		@Bean(name="extUser")
      		public ExternalUser getUser() {
      		return new ExternalUser();
      	}
      }
      

      The bean with name “extUser” can be retrieved using getBean method of ApplicationContext as in above example.

1. @Value is used to provide value to class fields. The value may be given there only or may be fetched from an external property file using ${propertyName}.
2. @Configurationis a class-level annotation. Applying it to some other level (such as a method or a field) will generate a compiler error The annotation @Configuration is disallowed for this location.

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